Monthly Notifiable Disease Surveillance Report - Apr 2011
Tuesday 21st March 2023
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Key notifiable disease trends
- Cryptosporidiosis: 19 cases of cryptosporidiosis were notified in April 2011 compared to 92 cases notified during the same month of the previous year (Figure 1). The cases ranged in age from 10 months to 52 years, with the highest number of cases in the 30-39 years age group (6 cases) and in the 1-4 years age group (4 cases). The highest numbers of cases were reported in Canterbury (6 cases) and Waikato (3 cases) DHBs. Among the cases where risk factor information was recorded, 50.0% (4/8) had consumed food from a food premise, 33.3% (2/6) had recreational water contact, 28.6% (2/7) had consumed untreated water, and 25.0% (2/8) were overseas during the incubation period.
- Invasive pneumococcal disease: 29 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease were notified in April 2011 compared to 53 cases notified during the same month of the previous year. The highest numbers of cases were reported from Counties Manukau (5 cases), Canterbury and Southern (4 cases each) DHBs. The cases ranged in age from 4 months to 90 years, with the highest numbers of cases in the 70+ years (10 cases), 60-69 years (5 cases), and 30-39 years (3 cases) age groups. There were 21 hospitalisations and one death from invasive pneumococcal disease reported. Of the cases where risk factor information was recorded, 37.5% (6/16) had a chronic illness and 5.9% (1/17) were immunocompromised.
- Leptospirosis: Eight cases of leptospirosis (3 confirmed, 5 under investigation) were notified in April 2011 compared to three cases notified in the same month of the previous year. The cases were reported from Hawke’s Bay (2 cases), Northland, Counties Manukau, Bay of Plenty, Nelson Marlborough, Canterbury, and South Canterbury (1 case each) DHBs. Occupation was recorded in six cases: farmer (2 cases), dairy cattle farm worker (1 case), paper and pulp mill worker (1 case), housewife (1 case), and student (1 case). The Leptospira serovar was recorded for two of the cases, both as Leptospira Ballum
- Measles: 15 cases of measles were notified in April 2011 (13 confirmed, 1 probable, 1 under investigation), compared to eight cases notified in the previous month and eight cases in the same month of the previous year (Figure 2). The remainder of this section relates to the 14 confirmed and probable cases only. Nine cases were reported in Hawke’s Bay DHB with the remaining cases from Auckland (4 cases) and Waitemata (1 case) DHBs. Cases were distributed as follows: 1-4 years (5 cases), 5-9 years (3 cases), 10-14 years (4 cases), and 30-39 years (2 cases) age groups. One hospitalisation was reported. Fourteen cases had immunisation information recorded. Of these, 11 cases were not immunised and the remaining three cases were reported as having received one dose of the vaccine (two cases were older than four years, the current age by which two doses are recommended, while the remaining case was aged less than four years and only eligible to receive one dose).
- Mumps: Seven cases of mumps were notified in April 2011 (4 probable, 3 under investigation), compared to seven cases notified in the previous month and one case in the same month of the previous year. The remainder of this section relates to the four probable cases only. The cases were reported in Counties Manukau, Hawke’s Bay, MidCentral, and Canterbury (1 case each) DHBs. Cases were distributed as follows 5-9 years (2), 10-14 years (1), and 30-39 years (1) age groups. Three cases had immunisation information recorded and all were reported as having been immunised. One case received two doses of the vaccine while the remaining two cases received one dose of the vaccine (all three cases were older than four years, the current age by which two doses are recommended).
- Ross River virus infection: One case of Ross River virus infection was notified in April 2011. The case had been overseas during the incubation period but the countries visited are not yet known. Confirmatory laboratory results from a reference laboratory are pending.
- Salmonellosis: 113 salmonellosis cases were notified in April 2011, compared to 124 cases notified in the preceding month and 83 cases the same month of the previous year. The highest number of cases was reported in Canterbury DHB (17 cases), followed by Waitemata and Waikato (14 cases each) DHBs. The cases ranged in age from 16 days to 91 years with the highest numbers of cases in the 1-4 years (17 cases), 20-29 years, and 40-49 years (16 cases each) age groups. Seven cases were hospitalised. The serotype involved was identified in 85 (75.2%) of the cases. The most common serotypes were: Salmonella Typhimurium phage type 135 (18 cases), S. Enteritidis phage type 9a and S. Typhimurium phage type 12a (7 cases each). Among the cases for which risk factor information was recorded, 48.6% (18/37) consumed food from a food premise, 36.1% (13/36) had consumed untreated water, 26.3% (10/38) had contact with farm animals, 20.5% (9/44) were overseas, and 13.2% (5/38) had recreational water contact during the incubation period.
- Toxic shellfish poisoning - unspecified: Two cases of toxic shellfish poisoning in members of one family were notified in April 2011. Both cases had consumed paua from the same harvest that was collected in the Marlborough region. One case was found to be positive for norovirus and has been made not case, the other case is still under investigation.
- VTEC/STEC infection: 20 cases of VTEC/STEC infection were notified in April 2011, compared to 25 cases notified in the preceding month and 11 cases in the same month of the previous year. The highest numbers of cases were reported in Waikato (5 cases) and Canterbury (4 cases) DHBs. The cases ranged in age from 1 to 85 years, with the highest number of cases in children aged 1-4 years (9 cases). Eight cases were hospitalised. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was isolated in 11 cases and E. coli O84:H2 in one case. Among the cases for which risk factor information was recorded, 100% (6/6) had contact with pets, 66.7% (4/6) had contact with farm animals, 66.7% (4/6) had contact with animal manure, 50.0% (2/4) had contact with other animals, 33.3% (3/9) had recreational water contact, 28.6% (2/7) had contact with children in nappies, and 12.5% (1/7) had contact with another person with similar symptoms during the incubation period.
- Yersiniosis: 33 yersiniosis cases were notified in April 2011, compared to 39 cases notified in the preceding month and 20 cases the same month of the previous year. The highest numbers of cases were reported in Waitemata (8 cases), Counties Manukau (6 cases), and Auckland (4 cases) DHBs. The cases were aged from 3 months to 84 years with the highest number of cases in the 1-4 years (12 cases), less than 1 year, and 60-69 years (4 cases each) age groups. Three cases were hospitalised. The biotype involved was identified in 26 (81.8%) of the cases: Yersinia enterocolitica Biotype 4 (16 cases), Y. enterocolitica Biotype 3 (5 cases), Y. enterocolitica Biotype 2 (3 cases), and Y. enterocolitica Biotype 1A (2 cases). Among the cases for which risk factor information was recorded, 42.9% (3/7) had contact with faecal matter, 28.6% (2/7) consumed food from a food premise, and 16.7% (1/6) had consumed untreated water during the incubation period.
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Ph: +64 4 914 0700 Fax: +64 4 914 0770 Email: survqueries@esr.cri.nz |
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