Monthly Notifiable Disease Surveillance Report - Jun 2012
Tuesday 21st March 2023
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Key notifiable disease trends
· Cryptosporidiosis: 38 cases of cryptosporidiosis were notified in June 2012 compared to 23 cases notified during the same month of the previous year (Figure 1). The cases ranged in age from 10 months to 73 years, with the highest number of cases in the 1-4 years (13 cases) and in the 30-39 years (9 cases) age groups. The highest number of cases were reported in Capital and Coast (17 cases) and Waikato (4 cases) DHBs. Among the cases where risk factor information was recorded, 66.7% (14/21) had recreational water contact, 42.9% (9/21) had consumed food from a food premises, 36.4% (8/22) had contact with farm animals, 33.3% (7/21) had contact with faecal matter, and 25.0% (5/20) had contact with other symptomatic people during the incubation period. · Dengue fever: Five cases of dengue fever were notified in June 2012. All of the cases had travelled overseas during the incubation period, and the countries visited were Thailand (3) and Kiribati (2). Of those with available information, two cases had onset dates in May while another two cases had onset dates in June.
· Lead absorption: 25 cases of lead absorption were notified in June 2012 (24 confirmed and 1 under investigation), compared with 46 cases notified the previous month and 11 cases in the same month of the previous year. All of the cases were male. The highest numbers of cases were reported in the Auckland region (14 cases). The cases ranged in age from 18 to 77 years, with the highest number of cases in the 20-29 years (6 cases), 40-49 years and in the 50-59 years (5 cases each) age groups. Where information was recorded, 86.7% (13/15) had exposure to lead materials at their place of work and 55.6% (5/9) had exposure to lead through a shooting hobby.
· Rheumatic fever: Based on the earliest date available, 42 cases of rheumatic fever were notified in June 2012, compared to 17 cases during the same month of last year. Of the 42 cases, 40 cases were initial attacks and two cases were recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever. Of the 31 cases with hospitalisation status recorded, 30 (96.8%) were hospitalised. All of the cases were notified from the North Island with the highest number of cases notified from Counties Manukau (18) and Waitemata (8) DHBs. Cases were reported among Pacific Peoples (20 cases), Māori (15 cases), European (5 cases) and Asian (1 case) ethnic groups. Ethnicity was not reported for the remaining case. The majority of cases (24 cases) were aged between 5 and 14 years.
· Legionellosis: 17 cases of legionellosis were notified in June 2012 (11 confirmed and 6 under investigation), compared to five cases notified in the same month of the previous year. The following section relates to the 11 confirmed cases only. The cases were from Canterbury (4 cases), Southern (2 cases), and Waitemata, Counties Manukau, Waikato, Nelson Marlborough, and South Canterbury (1 case each) DHBs. Cases were distributed by age group as follows: 60-69 years (4 cases), 20-29 years, 40-49 years and 70 years and older (2 cases each), and 50-59 years (1 case). Seven cases were hospitalised. Among the cases where risk information was recorded, four reported exposure to environmental sources of infection (two cases reported exposure to compost/potting mix, and one to a possible contaminated hot water system and shower). The Legionella species was identified in nine cases: Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (4 cases), and L. pneumophila serogroup 4, L. longbeachae serogroup not determined, L. longbeachae serogroup 2, L. jordanis, and L. sainthelensi serogroup not determined (1 case each).
· Leptospirosis: 16 cases of leptospirosis were notified in June 2012 (7 confirmed and 9 under investigation), compared to seven cases notified in the same month of the previous year. The following section relates to the seven confirmed cases only. These cases were from Waikato (4 cases), and Northland, Hawke’s Bay and MidCentral (1 case each) DHBs. High risk occupations were recorded for five cases who were all farmers or farm workers. Risk factor information was unknown for the remaining two cases. Leptospira species and serovars were recorded for six cases:Leptospira borgpetersenii sv Ballum (4), and L. interrogans sv Pomona and L. borgpetersenii sv Hardjo (1 each).
· Pertussis: 531 cases of pertussis were notified in June 2012, compared with 545 cases notified the previous month and 82 cases in the same month of the previous year (Figure 2). After May 2012 at 545 cases, this is the second highest monthly notification total recorded since the peak of the 2004/2005 epidemic (613 cases were notified in November 2004). Sixteen cases were hospitalised and no deaths were reported. There were 89 (16.8%) cases laboratory-confirmed by isolation of Bordetella pertussis from the nasopharynx. A further 136 (25.6%) cases were laboratory-confirmed by PCR. The highest number of cases were from Canterbury DHB (96), followed by Nelson Marlborough (62), and Counties Manukau and Capital and Coast (54 each) DHBs. The cases ranged in age from one month to 83 years, with 22.6% (120/530 cases) under 5 years old, including 30 cases aged less than 1 year. The highest numbers occurred in the 1-4 years (90), 5-9 years (81), 10-14 years (59), 40-49 years (55) and 30-39 years (54 cases) age groups. The vaccination status was recorded for 298 (56.1%) cases. Of these, 55 were reported as not vaccinated, 25 received one dose of vaccine, seven received two doses of vaccine, 158 received three or more doses, including 27 who had received all five doses, and 53 were reported as being vaccinated but no dose information was available. Of the cases where the relevant information was recorded, 48.8% (181/371) attended school, pre-school or childcare, and 36.6% (78/213) had contact with a laboratory-confirmed pertussis case.
· Rickettsial disease: Two cases of murine typhus, one confirmed and one probable were notified in June 2012. The confirmed case was a female in the 50-59 years age group from Waikato DHB and the probable case was a male in the 40-49 years age group from Northland DHB. Both cases had exposure to rats.
· Yersiniosis: 46 cases of yersiniosis were notified in June 2012, compared with 44 cases notified in the previous month and 31 cases in the same month of the previous year. Counties Manukau DHB had the highest number of cases (9 cases), followed by Waitemata (8 cases), Canterbury (7 cases), and Auckland (4 cases) DHBs. The cases ranged in age from two years to 92 years, with the highest numbers reported in the 1-4 years (17), less than 1 year (6), and 10-14 years, 40-49 years and 60-69 years (4 each) age groups. Four cases were hospitalised. The biotype involved was identified in 25 (54.3%) of the cases: Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 4 (13 cases), Y. enterocolitica biotype 3 (5), Y. enterocolitica biotype 1A (4), and Y. enterocolitica biotype 2 (2). Among the cases for which risk factor information was recorded, 50.0% (5/10) consumed food from a food premises, 27.3% (3/11) had contact with faecal material, and 26.7% (4/15) had attended school, pre-school or childcare during the incubation period.
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Ph: +64 4 914 0700 Fax: +64 4 914 0770 Email: survqueries@esr.cri.nz |
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