Monthly Notifiable Disease Surveillance Report - Jan 2013
Tuesday 21st March 2023
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Key notifiable disease trends
- Cryptosporidiosis: 80 cases of cryptosporidiosis were notified in January 2013 compared to 35 cases notified during the same month of the previous year (Figure 1). The cases ranged in age from 11 months to 62 years, with the highest numbers of cases in the 1-4 years (23 cases) followed by those in the 30-39 years (11 cases), and 5-9 years (10 cases) age groups. The highest numbers of cases were reported in Hawke’s Bay (16 cases), Canterbury (10 cases), and Lakes and Waikato (8 cases each) DHBs. Among the cases where risk factor information was recorded, 54.8% (17/31) had recreational contact with water, 41.9% (13/31) had contact with faecal matter, 31.3% (10/32) had consumed food from a food premises, 31.0% (9/29) had consumed untreated water, 27.8% (10/36) had contact with farm animals, and 24.4% (10/41) attended school, pre-school or childcare. One Cryptosporidium outbreak involving two cases was reported in January.
- Dengue fever: 14 cases of dengue fever were notified in January 2013, compared to three cases during the same month of last year. All of the cases had travelled overseas during the incubation period, and the countries visited were Australia, India, and Thailand (2 cases each), and Barbados, Cambodia, Columbia, Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia, Samoa and Tonga (1 case each).
- Diphtheria: One case of diphtheria was notified in January 2013, the case was subsequently made ‘not a case’ in February after further investigation.
- Measles: One case of measles was notified in January 2013, the case was subsequently made ‘not a case’ in February after further investigation.
- Pertussis: 566 cases of pertussis were notified in January 2013, compared with 572 cases notified the previous month and 417 cases in the same month of the previous year (Figure 2). Thirty-one cases were hospitalised and no deaths were reported. There were 161 (28.4%) cases laboratory-confirmed by isolation of Bordetella pertussis from the nasopharynx. A further 109 (19.3%) cases were laboratory-confirmed by PCR. The highest number of cases was from Canterbury DHB (96), followed by Waikato (61) and Waitemata (55) DHBs. The cases ranged in age from one month to 87 years, with 26.0% under 5 years old (including 51 cases aged less than 1 year). The highest numbers of cases occurred in the 1-4 years (96 cases), 40-49 years (88 cases), 30-39 years (65 cases), and 5-9 years (63 cases) age groups. The vaccination status was recorded for 293 (51.8%) cases. Of these, 92 were reported as not vaccinated, 32 received one dose of vaccine, 11 received two doses of vaccine, 102 received three or more doses (including 10 who had received all five doses), and 56 were reported as being vaccinated but no dose information was available. Of the cases where the relevant information was recorded 44.2% (46/104) had contact with a laboratory-confirmed pertussis case, and 35.1% (54/154) attended school, pre-school or childcare. Six B. pertussis outbreaks involving 12 cases in total were reported in January.
- Ross River virus infection: Two cases of Ross River virus infection were notified in January 2013. One lab-confirmed case was a male in the 50-59 years age group from Canterbury DHB and was in Australia during the incubation period. The other case is still under investigation and laboratory results are pending.
- Salmonellosis: 148 cases of salmonellosis were notified in January 2013, compared with 89 cases notified in the previous month and 132 cases in the same month of the previous year. The highest number of cases was reported in the Auckland region (53 cases), followed by Canterbury DHB (15 cases). The cases ranged in age from three months to 86 years, with the highest number of cases in the 20-29 years (25 cases) and in the 1-4 years (24 cases) age groups. Twelve cases were hospitalised. The serotype involved was recorded for 140 (94.6%) cases. The most common serotypes were: Salmonella Typhimurium phage type RDNC-May06 (13 cases), S. Saintpaul (10 cases), and S. Typhimurium phage type 160 (8 cases). Two Salmonella outbreaks involving 32 cases in total were reported in January.
- Shigellosis: 18 cases of shigellosis were notified in January 2013 compared with six cases notified in the previous month and 12 cases in the same month of the previous year. Cases were from the following DHBs: Counties Manukau (7 cases), Auckland (5 cases), Southern (3 cases), Canterbury (2 cases) and Hutt Valley (1 case). The serotype involved was recorded for 17 (94.4%) cases: Shigella flexneri (5 cases), S. sonnei biotype a and S. sonnei biotype g (4 cases each), S. boydii 12, S. dysenteriae 2, S. flexneri 2a and S. flexneri 4a (1 case each). Overseas travel during the incubation period was recorded for 9 (50.0%) cases of which two cases did not travel. Countries visited included India (2 cases), Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Indonesia and Samoa (1 case each). The remaining case did not have the country visited recorded.One Shigella outbreak involving two cases was reported in January.
- Taeniasis: One confirmed case of taeniasis was notified in January 2013. The case was a male in the 40-49 years age group from Counties Manukau DHB and was in Thailand during the incubation period.
- Typhoid fever: 14 cases of typhoid fever were notified in January 2013, compared with four cases in the same month of the previous year. Cases were from the following DHBs: Counties Manukau (7 cases), Waitemata, Auckland, and Canterbury (2 cases each), and Hutt Valley (1 case). The highest number of cases occurred in the 20-29 years age group (5 cases). Seven cases were hospitalised. Travel history was recorded for nine (64.3%) of the cases, of which six reported travel during the incubation period. The countries visited were: India (3 cases), Samoa (2 cases), and Cambodia (1 case). The serotype involved was recorded for three cases: Salmonella Typhi E1a (2 cases) and S. Typhi (1 case).
- VTEC/STEC infection: 21 cases of VTEC/STEC infection were notified in January 2013, one of these cases has since been made ‘not a case’ after further investigation. This compares with 15 cases notified in the same month of the previous year. Cases were from the following DHBs: Waikato (5 cases), Northland, Waitemata, Auckland, Taranaki, and Capital and Coast (2 cases each), and Counties Manukau, Bay of Plenty, Hawke’s Bay, South Canterbury and Southern (1 case each). The highest number of cases occurred in the 1-4 years age group (6 cases). Eight cases were hospitalised of which two had haemolytic uraemic syndrome. The serotype/organism was identified by the Enteric Reference Laboratory for 19 cases all of which were Escherichia coli O157:H7. Among the cases for which risk factor was recorded, 73.3% (11/15) had contact with animals, and 50.0% (7/14) had recreational contact with water.
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